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Demographics
Demographics
Canada's 2006 census counted a total population of 31,612,897, an increase of 5.4% since 2001.
Population growth is from immigration and, to a lesser extent, natural growth.
About three-quarters of Canada's population live within 150 kilometres (90 mi) of the United States border.
A similar proportion live in urban areas concentrated in the Quebec City-Windsor Corridor (notably the Greater Golden Horseshoe including Toronto and area, Montreal, and Ottawa), the BC Lower Mainland (consisting of the region surrounding Vancouver), and the Calgary-Edmonton Corridor in Alberta.
According to the 2006 census, there are 43 ethnic origins that at least one hundred thousand people in Canada claim in their background.
The largest ethnic group is English (21%), followed by French (15.8%), Scottish (15.2%), Irish (13.9%), German (10.2%), Italian (5%), Chinese (4%), Ukrainian (3.6%), and First Nations (3.5%); Approximately, one third of respondents identified their ethnicity as "Canadian".
Canada's aboriginal population is growing almost twice as fast as the Canadian average, and 3.8% of Canada's population claimed aboriginal identity in 2006.
Also, 16.2% of the population belonged to non-aboriginal visible minorities.
In 2001, 49% of the Vancouver population and 42.8% of Toronto's population were visible minorities.
In March 2005, Statistics Canada projected that people of non-European origins will constitute a majority in both Toronto and Vancouver by 2012.
According to Statistics Canada's forecasts, the number of visible minorities in Canada is expected to double by 2017.
A survey released in 2007 reveals that virtually 1 in 5 Canadians (19.8%) are foreign born.
Nearly 60% of new immigrants hail from Asia (including the Middle East).
Canada has the highest per capita immigration rate in the world, driven by economic policy and family reunification; Canada also accepts large numbers of refugees.
Newcomers settle mostly in the major urban areas of Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal.
In the 2006 census, there were 5,068,100 people considered to belong to a visible minority, making up 16.2% of the population.
Between 2001 and 2006, the visible minority population rose by 27.2 %.
In common with many other developed countries, Canada is experiencing a demographic shift towards an older population, with more retirees and fewer people of working age.
In 2006, the average age of the civilian population was 39.5 years.
The census results also indicate that despite an increase in immigration since 2001 (which gave Canada a higher rate of population growth than in the previous intercensal period) the aging of Canada's population did not slow in the period.
Support for religious pluralism is an important part of Canada's political culture.
According to the 2001 census, 77.1% of Canadians identify as being Christians; of this, Catholics make up the largest group (43.6% of Canadians).
The largest Protestant denomination is the United Church of Canada.
About 16.5% of Canadians declare no religious affiliation, and the remaining 6.3% are affiliated with religions other than Christianity, of which the largest is Islam numbering 1.9%, followed by Judaism at 1.1%.
Canadian provinces and territories are responsible for education.
Each system is similar, while reflecting regional history, culture and geography.
The mandatory school age ranges between 5–7 to 16–18 years, contributing to an adult literacy rate that is 99%.
Postsecondary education is also administered by provincial and territorial governments, who provide most of the funding; the federal government administers additional research grants, student loans and scholarships.
In 2002, 43% of Canadians aged between 25 and 64 had post-secondary education; for those aged 25 to 34 the post-secondary education rate reaches 51%.
Source: CIA Factbook, Wikipedia
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